infertility and how it is treated

What Causes Infertility and How it is Treated?

Causes of Infertility in Men

The following are the causes that affect the men fertility which stops him to become the father these are:

•    Poor or unhealthy functioning of men sperm which includes the quality of his sperm. By the quality of sperm, it means that how well and quick the men sperm move and travel to meet the woman’s egg.

•    Varicocele is a condition in which veins inside man’s testicles gets large and causes them to overheat.  This heat may affect the number or shape of the sperm.

•    The quality of men sperm can be affected if there is any bacterial infection inside the man’s testicles such as sexually transmitted infection (STI).

•    Cancerous or non-cancerous growths.

•    Imbalance or changes in hormones.

•    Tubes which carry the sperms of man are blocked.

•    Genetic disorders.

•    Medicines, especially those treating cancer, fungus, and ulcers.

•    If a man has undergone for any surgery like vasectomy which prevents sperm from leaving the testicles.

•    Regular intake of alcohol, drugs, and smokes.

•    Exposure to industrial chemicals and heavy metals.

•    Radiation and X-rays.

•    The fertility experts at Fertility Center Nepal advise the men not to wear tight underwear or pants as it can overheat the men testicles which cause infertility. It can also happen by using a hot tub for extended periods.

Causes of infertility in Women

The following are the causes that affect the women fertility which stops her to get pregnant and these are:

•    A process in which the women egg leaves her ovary and travels to meet the men sperm which is known as ovulation period. But in some cases, women face difficulty while ovulating every month and this makes harder for her to become pregnant.

•    Women need proper functioning of her fallopian tubes, ovaries, and uterus to get pregnant. If any of these her organs are not working properly it can contribute to women infertility.

•    Disease and disorders which include endometriosis. Endometriosis is a disease or disorder in which women uterine tissue grows outside her uterus or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a condition in which women have enlarged ovaries that contains fluid-filled sacs.

•    If women period stop before the age of 40 years will cause infertility in women which make difficult for her to get pregnant. It may be tied to her immune system disease, cancer treatments, or a genetic syndrome.

•    If she has undergone any cancer treatments such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy which affects her fertility.

•    Regular intake of smoke, alcohol and other drug make pregnancy difficult for women.

•    Medicines, especially those treating cancer, fungus, and ulcers.

•    If women are planning to get pregnant then her weight should be according to her body mass index (BMI) as overweight or underweight can also affect the woman’s fertility which decreases her chances of conception. So, it is advisable to maintain an ideal weight to conceive a baby.

•    Uncontrolled diabetes, autoimmune diseases in which your body attack itself, celiac disease, etc. can make pregnancy difficult for a woman.

What fertility tests required for men?

The fertility experts at Fertility Center Nepal suggest the following tests to be done to check infertility in men and these are:

a)    Semen Analysis: Your fertility expert will ask for one or more semen specimens. Generally, semen can be obtained by masturbating or by interrupting intercourse and you can ejaculate your semen into a clean container. The laboratory person will analyses your semen specimen.

b)    Hormone testing: Your fertility expert will ask you for the blood test so that they are able to determine the level of testosterone and other male hormones.

c)    Imaging: There are certain cases in which imaging studies required such as a brain MRI, bone mineral density scan, Transrectal or scrotal ultrasound may be performed.

d)    Genetic testing: The purpose to perform genetic testing to determine whether there is a genetic defect which causes infertility in men.

What fertility tests required for women?

The fertility experts at Fertility Center Nepal suggest the following tests to be done to check infertility in women and these are:

a)    Ovulation testing: This can be tested through a blood test which measures the levels of hormones to determine whether you are ovulating or not.

b)    Ovarian reserve testing: With the help of this test your fertility expert will able to check the quality and quantity of the eggs available for ovulation. This approach can also begin with hormone testing early in the menstrual cycle.

c)    Hysterosalpingography: Hysterosalpingography is a test which evaluates the condition of your fallopian tubes and uterus and also looks is there any blockages or other problems. Your fertility expert will also perform an X-ray which will be injected into your uterus. The X-ray is taken to determine if the cavity is normal and to ensure that the fluid spills out of your fallopian tubes.

d)    Another hormone testing: This test is performed to check the levels of ovulatory hormones, as well as pituitary hormones which control your reproductive processes.

Infertility Treatment for Men

a)    Medications: The men infertility can be treated by using certain medications which increase testicular function, including sperm production and quality.

b)    Surgery: Your fertility expert will perform surgery to reverse a sperm blockage and restore fertility.

c)    Sperm retrieval: With the help of this technique your fertility expert will able to obtain sperm when there is no sperm are present in the ejaculated fluid.

Infertility Treatment for women

a)    Ovulation with fertility drugs: Your fertility expert will give you some fertility drugs which are one of the best treatments for women who are infertile due to ovulation disorders. These medications will help in regulating or inducing ovulation.

b)    Intrauterine insemination (IUI): IUI is a first line infertility treatment in which your fertility expert will place the healthy sperm of men directly into your uterus around the time when your ovary releases one or more eggs to fertilize. Depending on the reasons for infertility, the timing of the IUI treatment will be coordinated with your normal cycle or with fertility medications.

c)    Surgery: If you are dealing with the uterine problems such as endometrial polyps, intrauterine scar tissue or a uterine septum then these conditions can be treated with hysteroscopy surgery.


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